Nigeria News Zoom: 2010

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Nigeria News Zoom: A Brief History Of Nigeria

Courtesy http://nigeriaat50.gov.ng/

1861:- Lagos annexed as a British colony
1906:- Lagos colony was merged with the Protectorate of southern Nigeria
1914:- Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Protectorate
1922:- Sir. Herbert Macaulay founded the first political party, Nigeria National Democratic Party, NNDP
1946:- Inauguration of Sir Arthur Richard constitution
1952:- Inauguration of Macpherson constitution
1953:- First London constitution conference
1957:- Second London constitution conference
1957:- Eastern and Western regions attain self rule
1958:- Third London constitution conference.
1959:- Northern region attains self-government
Oct 1, 1960:- Nigeria gains her independence from Britain; Sir Tafawa Balewa becomes Prime Minister, and Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe becomes President. Nigeria joined the UN as the 99th member Commonwealth membership is also attained
October 1, 1963:- Nigeria severs its remaining ties to Britain, and the Nigerian First Republic is born.
Dec 1, 1964:- The First civilian-to-civilian national elections was held.
Jan 15, 1966:- Nigeria’s first military coup deposes the Nigerian first republic; Prime Minister Tafawa Balewa was assassinated along with the premier of Northern Nigeria, Ahmadu Bello , and the Finance Minister, Festus Okotie-Eboh.
Jan 16, 1966:- The Federal Military Government is formed, with General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi as the Head of State and Supreme Commander of the Federal Republic.
July 29, 1966:- A counter-coup by military officers, deposes the Federal Military Government; General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi is assassinated along with Adekunle Fajuyi, Military Governor of Western Region. General Yakubu Gowon becomes Head of State.
1967, May 27:- Gowon creates 12 states from the four regions.
1967, May 30:- Ojukwu, military governor of the Eastern Region, declares the Eastern Region to be the Independent Republic of Biafra.
1967:- Ethno-religious violence triggers a migration of the people back to the East.
May 30, 1967:- General Emeka Ojukwu, Military Governor of Eastern Nigeria, declares his province an independent republic called Biafra, and the Nigerian-Biafran War ensues and Civil War begins July 6, 1967.
January 8, 1970:- General Emeka Ojukwu flees into exile; His deputy Phillip Effiong becomes acting President of Biafra.
Jan15, 1970:- Acting President of Biafra, Philip Effiong surrenders to Nigerian forces and Biafra is reintegrated into Nigeria. 1.5 million live lost, mainly to starvation.
1970:- December 31 Public Education Edict 1970, published in East Central State of Nigeria, calling for the takeover of schools. This was made retroactive to 26 May.
1970:- The takeover, management and ownership of all primary and secondary schools.
1972:- April 2. Nigeria changes from ‘left-hand-drive’ to ‘right-hand-drive.’ The National Stadium is opened.
1973:- January l. Money changes from the Pound to the Naira.
Jan 22, 1973:- A plane crashes in Kano, Nigeria killing 176 people.
1973:- May 22. National Youth Service Corps is introduced.
July 29, 1975:- General Yakubu Gowon is overthrown in a bloodless coup; General Murtala Mohammed becomes Head of State.
1975, October: - A Commission set up to draft a new Constitution and to return Nigeria to civil rule.
1976, February 3:- Seven states are created, thus there is a total of 19. Announcement is made that Abuja is proposed as the new Federal Capital
Feb 13, 1976:- Fourth Military Coup led by Colonel Dimka. General Murtala Mohammed is assassinated on his way to work; His deputy, Lieutenant-General Olusegun Obasanjo becomes Head of State, and sets a date to terminate military rule.
1976:- Universal Primary Education and Operation Feed the Nation are launched.
1977, January 15 to February 12:- The Festival of Arts and Culture (FESTAC) is held in Lagos and Kaduna.
1978, September 12:- Ban on political parties is lifted. The 12 year old state of emergency is lifted.
1979:- Elections are held for federal representatives and senators.
1979:- Shehu Shagari wins the election as the first Executive President of Nigeria in the American-styled Second Republic.
Oct 1, 1979:- Shehu Shagari is sworn in as President.
1980, May:- Religious violence in Zaria. Much property is destroyed.
1980, December 18-20:- Riots in Kano. The Maitatsine sect, 4,177 are killed.
1982, September 29 – October 3:- Disturbances in Kaduna, Kaduna State. 53 killed and many churches are burned.
1982 October 29-30. Further trouble in Maiduguri, Borno State by Maitatsine sects. 118 die.
1983:- President Shehu Shagari wins reelection.
Dec 31, 1983:- President Shehu Shagari’s government is ejected from power in a palace coup; The Second Republic ends; General Muhammadu Buhari becomes Head of State, and Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Nigeria.
April 17, 1984:- The General Muhammadu Buhari regime promulgates Decree No. 4, the “Public Officer’s Protection against False Accusation” Decree, which made it an offence to ridicule the government by publication of false information.
August, 1985:- General Muhammadu Buhari is overthrown in a palace coup; General Ibrahim Babangida becomes Head of State and President of the Armed Forces Ruling Council of Nigeria.
1986:- 7th Coup, Coup attempt by General Mamman Vatsa fails. Coup plotters are executed in March.
1986, October 16:- Wole Soyinka is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, the first African writer so honored.
1987, June:- An Advisory Council on Religious Affairs is established, as a forum for improving Christian-Muslim relations.
1987, September:- A Transition to civil rule begins, under Babangida, as local elections are scheduled. Originally intended for 1990, and then put off to 1992, and then 1993. Two more states (Katsina and Akwa-Ibom) are created, thus 21 total.
1987, December 12:- Local elections are held, but many are declared invalid.
1988, March 26:- New local elections are held.
1989:- The ban on political parties is lifted. Thirteen parties register, but are rejected. Two are created by the government for the elections scheduled for December 8, 1990.
1989, February 6-11:- 2nd Art Fair
April, 1990:- Some officers, led by Major Gideon Okar, attempt to overthrow Ibrahim Babangida in an unsuccessful coup.
1991:- Number of States is increased to 30. November 27-29. Census shows the population to be 88.6 million, less than expected.
1991, December 12: President Babangida moves his Presidential office and residence to Abuja, which now officially becomes the Capital of Nigeria.
1991, December:- Elections are held for governors and state legislatures.
1992:- Two political parties, Social Democratic Party (SDP) and National Republican Convention (NRC) are established in President Ibrahim Babangida’s attempt to return to Civilian rule. Primary elections are annulled in the fall.
June 12, 1993:- MKO Abiola wins the Presidential election; President Ibrahim Babangida annuls the election.
August 26, 1993:- President Ibrahim Babangida steps down due to pressure from the Armed Forces Ruling Council. Chief Ernest Shonekan assumes the reins of power as the Interim Head of State.
Nov 17, 1993:- Ernest Shonekan is forced to resign from office. Defence Minister, Sani Abacha becomes Head of State, and establishes the Provisional Ruling Council of Nigeria.
March 13, 1995:- The Abacha administration arrests former Head of State, Olusegun Obasanjo for allegedly supporting a secret coup plot.
Nov 10, 1995:- Human and Environmental rights activist, Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight others are hanged by the Sani Abacha administration.
1995:- Alleged abortive coup attempt. Forty persons are convicted. Among them, Obasanjo and Yar’adua are imprisoned. (10th Coup)
1996, May 11:- Nnamdi Azikwe dies, age 92. He was the first President of Nigeria.
1996, June 4:- Kudirat Abiola, age 44, wife of Chief Abiola who is in prison, is assassinated in Lagos.
1996, October 1:- Six more States are created, so there are now 36.
1996, November 7: ADC plane crashes on way from Port Harcourt to Lagos, near Lagos. 143 die, including Claude Ake.
1997, December 21:- Alleged 11th attempted coup. Second in Command, Chief of Staff Lt. General Oladipo Diya is arrested.
1998, June:- Sani Abacha dies of a heart attack. General Abdusalami Abubakar becomes Head of State. He frees Obasanjo from prison, and promises democracy by May 29, 1999.
June 8, 1998:- Abdusalami Abubakar becomes Head of State, and Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council of Nigeria, after the death of Head of State, Sani Abacha ; The Abubakar administration lifts the ban on political activities, and initiates a one-year transition to return to civilian rule.
June 15, 1998:- Former Head of State, Olusegun Obasanjo is released from prison.
1998, July 7:- Abiola dies in prison, while being visited by a delegation from the U.S.A. government.
Feb 10, 1999:- Former Head of State, Olusegun Obasanjo wins the presidential election.
May 29, 1999:- The Nigerian Fourth Republic is inaugurated. Olusegun Obasanjo is sworn in as the second Executive President of Nigeria.
Jan 27, 2000:- Sharia law is established in the predominantly muslim Zamfara state; Eleven other states in the north soon follow suit.
June 5, 2000:- The Obasanjo administration establishes the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) to tackle the human and ecological issues in the Niger Delta region of southern Nigeria.
Oct 10, 2002:- The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled against Nigeria in favor of Cameroon over the disputed oil-rich Bakassi peninsula territory.
April,2003:- President Olusegun Obasanjo wins reelection as president.
May 29, 2003:- President Olusegun Obasanjo is sworn in for a second term as president.
2004:- Ethno religious violence erupts in Plateau State; President Obasanjo declares a state of emergency in the state.
May 16, 2006:- The National Assembly of Nigeria votes against a constitutional amendment to remove term limits.
June 13, 2006:- President Olusegun Obasanjo meets with his Cameroonian counterpart Paul Biya, and UN Secretary General, Kofi Anan in New York to resolve dispute talks over Bakassi.
August 1, 2006:- Nigerian troops begin to pull out of Bakassi; Bakassi becomes Cameroonian territory.
March 15, 2007:- The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) releases the names of 24 candidates for the presidential elections.
2007 April 21:- Umaru Yar’Adua, Governor of Katsina State, is elected as the President of Nigeria.
2008 Feb 26:- A Nigerian election tribunal upheld the president’s declared victory in last year’s disputed election.
2009 August:- Two-month offer of a government amnesty for Niger Delta militants comes into force.
2010:- Goodluck Jonathan becomes president after the death of President Umaru Yar’Adua.